Oleh: Solekhah
Abstrak
Ilmu adalah kunci segala kebaikan dan pengetahuan. Ilmu merupakan kata yang berasal dari bahasa Arab, masdar dari ‘alima – ya’lamu yang berarti tahu atau mengetahui. Sedangkan dalam kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Ilmu adalah pengetahuan tentang sesuatu bidang yang disusun secara bersistem menurut metode-metode tertentu yang dapat digunakan untuk menerangkan gejala-gejala tertentu dibidang (pengetahuan) itu.
Dalam menuntut ilmu itu tidak ada takaran atau batasannya entah itu didapat dari pesantren maupun di sekolahan formal biasa selagi itu mampu memberikan kemanfaatkan bagi sesama mau pun diri sendiri, karena sejatinya menuntut ilmu itu dalam islam hukumnya fardhlu ain. Setiap insan berhak mendapatkan ilmu seperti dalam dasar negara Indonesia yang berbunyi “keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia” disini dijelaskan keadilan itu tertuju umum untuk setiap warga negara dan sosial itu bermaksud Pendidikan dan kesejahteraan yang lainnya
Kata kunci: Sekolah, Islam, dan Pesantren
Pembahasan
Ilmu adalah kunci segala kebaikan dan pengetahuan. Ilmu merupakan kata yang berasal dari bahasa Arab, masdar dari ‘alima – ya’lamu yang berarti tahu atau mengetahui. Sedangkan dalam kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Ilmu adalah pengetahuan tentang sesuatu bidang yang disusun secara bersistem menurut metode-metode tertentu yang dapat digunakan untuk menerangkan gejala-gejala tertentu dibidang (pengetahuan) itu.
Sebagian di antara kita mungkin menganggap bahwa hukum menuntut ilmu agama hanya sekadar sunnah, yang artinya mendapat pahala bagi yang melakukannya dan tidak berdosa bagi siapa saja yang meninggalkannya.
Padahal, terdapat beberapa kondisi di mana hukum menuntut ilmu dalamagama islam adalah wajib atas setiap Muslim (fardhu ‘ain) sehingga berdosalah setiap orang yang meninggalkannya.
Artinya: “Menuntut ilmu itu wajib atas setiap Muslim.” (HR. Ibnu Majah. Dinilai shahih oleh Syaikh Albani dalam Shahih wa Dha’if Sunan Ibnu Majah no. 224)
Keutamaan menuntut ilmu yaitu:
Hal ini sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh hadits Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ‘anhu, Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:
Artinya: “Barang siapa menelusuri jalan untuk mencari ilmu padanya, Allah akan memudahkan baginya jalan menuju surga.” (HR. Muslim).
Artinya:
“Jika seseorang meninggal dunia, maka terputuslah amalannya kecuali tiga perkara yaitu, sedekah jariyah, ilmu yang dimanfaatkan, atau do’a anak yang sholeh” (HR. Muslim no. 1631).
Allah berfirman:
Artinya:
“Dan mereka berkata: “Sekiranya kami mendengarkan atau memikirkan (peringatan itu) niscaya tidaklah kami termasuk penghuni-penghuni neraka yang menyala-nyala.” (QS. Al-Mulk : 10).
Seperti dalam surah Fatir 28, Allah menjelaskan seseorang dengan ilmu akan lebih memahami bagaimana kehidupan diciptakan dan mendalami pengetahuan tentang kuasa Allah sebagai sang Maha Pencipta. Orang berilmu akan takut melakukan hal-hal yang mengandung dosa karena ia memiliki pengetahuan akan kekuasaan dan juga kebesaran Allah SWT.
“Barangsiapa yang Allah kehendaki mendapatkan seluruh kebaikan, maka Allah akan memahamkan dia tentang agama.” (HR. Bukhari no. 71 dan Muslim No. 1037).
Simpulan
Setiap manusia terutama bagi yang islam, itu wajib hukumnya dalam menuntut ilmu karena dengan bekal ilmu kita mampu memperoleh pengetahuan dan kemulyaan dunia maupun diakhirat. Hadist-hadist yang tertera dalam pembehasan di atas adalah bukti autentik dimana seorang muslim diwajibkan dalam menuntut ilmu.
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